The Sikh history of the 18th century is replete with the martyrdom of Sikhs at the hands of Afghan and Mughal rulers who invaded India which was at that time considered a 'sparrow of gold'. The primary aims of these invaders were to loot the people and convert them to Islam.

 Sri Guru Har Krishan Sahib (1656-1664) the eighth Guru or prophet teacher of the Sikhs was the younger son of Sri Guru Har Rai Sahib (1630-1661) the seventh Guru of the Sikhs and Mata Sulakkhani Ji. 

        Sri Guru Arjan Dev Ji (1563-1606), the Fifth spiritual mentor of the Sikhs was born on Baisakh Vadi 7, 1620 Bikrimi i.e. April 15, 1563 at Goindval Sahib, which now falls in the present day Tarn Taran district of Punjab. 

Sri Guru Amar Das Ji was born on Baisakh Sudi 14, 1636 Bikrami i.e. May 5, 1479 at Basarke Gillan village, which is about 13 kms. south-west from Amritsar, in district Amritsar, Punjab. In his fond memory, in this village at his birth place Gurdwara Sri Janam Asthan Sri Guru Amar Das Ji has been established. 

The second prophet-teacher of the Sikhs, first known as Lahina Ji and then named 'Angad' by Sri Guru Nanak Dev Ji was born on Baisakh Vadi 1, Sammat 1561 Bikrami which corresponded with 31 March, 1504. 

Holla Mahalla, which is sometimes termed as ‘Holla’ is a Sikh festival. Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji (1666-1708) the tenth prophet-teacher of the Sikhs started Holla Mohalla a kind of March on Chet vadi 1 (the day after the full moon day),

      Bhagat Ravidas Ji (1377-1527) was born to Raghu Ji and Ghurbinia Ji at Seer Goverdhanpur in Varanasi (also known as Banaras), Uttar Pardesh. In his sacred memory, at his birth place Shri Guru Ravidass Janam Asthan Mandir has been established.

Sri Guru Har Rai Sahib (1630-1661) the seventh Guru of the Sikh faith was born on January 16, 1630 at Kiratpur Sahib in District Ropar of Punjab. He was the son of BabaGurditta Ji (1613-1638) and grandson of Sri Guru Hargobind Sahib (1595-1644) the sixth Guru of the Sikh faith. 

Holding a khanda (double-edged sword) in his right hand and his severed head in his left hand Baba Dip Singh Ji (1682-1757) sacrified his life fighting against oppression for the liberation of Sri Harimandar Sahib, Amritsar. 

               Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji (1666-1708) the Tenth Master of the Sikhs, reverently known as 'Sarbans Danee' i.e. a person who sacrificed his 'sarbans' (whole family) for helping the oppressed and protecting a person's right to profess the religion of his own choice. He was born the only son of Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib and Mata Gujri Ji on Poh Sudi 7 (23 Poh) Saturday, 1723 Bikrimi i.e. 22 December, 1666 at Patna Sahib, Bihar. 

The martyrdom of Sahibzada Zorawar Singh Ji and Sahibzada Fateh Singh Ji, the two younger sons of Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the Tenth Master of the Sikhs, born to Mata Jito Ji, which took place on December 12, 1705 is an unprecedented event and a major landmark in the history of Sikhs.

 Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib, the ninth prophet-teacher of the Sikhs was cruelly martyred by beheading him on November 11, 1675 in Chandni Chowk, Delhi under the orders of Emperor Aurangzeb. Besides martyring Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Sahib, Aurangzeb also passed orders that the whole family of the person who goes near the deceased's body will be annihilated.